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Menene baƙar fata carbon? Ina babban aikace-aikacen yake?

2022-10-26

Menene baƙar fata carbon?

Baƙar fata Carbon, carbon ne mai amorphous, haske, sako-sako da kuma tsayayyen foda baƙar fata, wanda za'a iya fahimtarsa ​​a matsayin kasan tukunyar.

Samfuri ne da aka samu ta hanyar konewa da bai cika ba ko rushewar yanayin zafi na abubuwan carbonaceous kamar kwal, iskar gas, mai mai nauyi, da mai a ƙarƙashin yanayin rashin isasshen iska.


Carbon Black


Babban bangaren baƙar fata na carbon shine carbon, wanda shine farkon nanomaterial wanda ɗan adam ke samarwa kuma a halin yanzu. , an jera shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin samfuran sinadarai guda ashirin da biyar da kyawawan samfuran sinadarai ta masana'antar sinadarai ta duniya.

Masana'antar baƙar fata ta carbon tana da mahimmanci ga masana'antar taya, masana'antar rini da haɓaka ingancin samfuran rayuwar jama'a.



Na biyu, rarrabuwa na carbon baki

1. Bisa ga samarwa

An raba shi zuwa baƙar fata fitila, baƙar gas, baƙar wuta da baƙar fata.


2. Bisa ga manufar

Dangane da amfani daban-daban, baƙar fata carbon yawanci ana raba shi zuwa baƙar fata na carbon don launi, baƙar fata carbon don roba, baƙar fata na carbon da baƙar carbon na musamman.


Baƙar fata na Carbon don launi - A duniya, bisa ga iya canza launin carbon baƙar fata, yawanci ana raba shi zuwa nau'i uku, wato babban baƙar fata mai launin carbon, matsakaici-pigment carbon baki da ƙananan launi carbon baƙar fata.

Wannan rarrabuwa yawanci ana wakilta shi da haruffan Ingilishi guda uku, haruffa biyu na farko suna nuna ikon canza launin carbon baki, kuma harafin ƙarshe yana nuna hanyar samarwa.


3. Bisa ga aikin

An raba shi zuwa baƙar fata mai ƙarfafa carbon, baƙar fata mai launin carbon, baƙar fata na carbon, da sauransu.


4. Bisa ga samfurin

An raba shi zuwa N220,


Aikace-aikace a cikin masana'antar roba

Baƙar fata na carbon da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin masana'antar roba ya kai fiye da kashi 90% na jimlar baƙar fata na carbon. An fi amfani da su don nau'ikan tayoyi daban-daban, kamar tayoyin mota, tayoyin tarakta, tayoyin jirgin sama, tayoyin mota masu ƙarfi, tayoyin keke, da dai sauransu. Kimanin kilo 10 na baƙar fata carbon ana buƙata don kera tayoyin mota na yau da kullun.


A cikin baƙar fata na carbon don roba, fiye da kashi uku cikin huɗu na baƙar fata carbon ana amfani da su wajen kera taya, sauran kuma ana amfani da su a wasu samfuran roba, kamar kaset, hoses, takalman roba, da sauransu. , yawan amfani da baƙar fata na carbon yana da kimanin 40 ~ 50% na amfani da roba.


Dalilin da yasa ake amfani da baƙar fata na carbon da yawa a cikin roba shine kyakkyawan abin da ake kira "ƙarfafawa". Wannan "ƙarfafa" ƙarfin carbon baƙar fata an fara gano shi a cikin roba na halitta tun farkon 1914. Yanzu an tabbatar da cewa ga roba roba, ƙarfin ƙarfafa carbon baƙar fata yana taka muhimmiyar rawa.


Mafi mahimmancin alamar ƙarfafa baƙar fata na carbon shine don inganta aikin lalacewa na tayar da taya. Taya mai baƙar fata mai ƙarfi 30% na iya tafiya kilomita 48,000 zuwa 64,000; yayin da ake cika adadin adadin inert ko mai ba da ƙarfi maimakon carbon Black, nisan tafiyarsa kilomita 4800 ne kawai.


Bugu da ƙari, ƙarfafa baƙar fata na carbon kuma zai iya inganta kayan aiki na jiki da na inji na samfuran roba, kamar ƙarfin ɗaure da ƙarfin hawaye. Misali, ƙara ƙarfafa baƙar fata na carbon zuwa roba mai kristal kamar roba na halitta ko neoprene na iya ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfi ta kusan sau 1 zuwa 1.7 idan aka kwatanta da roba mai ɓarna ba tare da baƙar carbon ba; A cikin roba, ana iya ƙara shi zuwa kusan sau 4 zuwa 12.


A cikin masana'antar roba, nau'in baƙar fata na carbon da adadinsa ya kamata a ƙayyade bisa ga manufar da yanayin amfani da samfurin. Misali, don tayoyin taya, dole ne a fara la'akari da juriya na sawa, don haka ana buƙatar baƙar fata mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, kamar tanderun da ba a iya jurewa baƙar fata, matsakaici mai tsayi mai juriya baƙar fata ko babban tanderu mai juriya baƙar fata, ana buƙata. ; yayin tattakewa da robar gawa Kayan yana buƙatar baƙar fata carbon tare da ƙarancin asarar hysteresis da ƙarancin zafi.


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